Fibroid Growth During Pregnancy: What to Expect and When to Seek Help
Uterine fibroids are common, and many women discover them during pregnancy. The main concern is whether fibroids will grow while you're expecting, and what impact that might have. The good news is that most fibroids do not cause serious problems for you or your baby, but it's important to know what to watch for and when to reach out to your doctor.
If you have fibroids and are pregnant, it's natural to feel concerned about possible risks. Fibroids are benign (non-cancerous) growths in the muscle wall of the uterus, and while they can change during pregnancy, most women have healthy pregnancies. Your feelings are valid—every parent wants to keep themselves and their baby safe.
What Are Uterine Fibroids? 🧬
Fibroids (also called uterine myomas or leiomyomas) are non-cancerous tumors that develop from the muscle tissue of the uterus. They are most common in women over 30 and often cause no symptoms. Fibroids can vary in size, number, and location—some are tiny, while others can grow several centimeters.
Fibroids are not cancer, but depending on their size and position, they may cause symptoms like heavier periods, pelvic pressure, or pain.
Why Can Fibroids Grow During Pregnancy? 🤰
Pregnancy brings major hormonal changes, especially increased levels of estrogen and progesterone. These hormones can stimulate fibroid growth, most noticeably in the first half of pregnancy.
How much a fibroid grows varies from person to person:
- Some women notice little or no change.
- Others experience rapid growth, especially in the first 12–20 weeks.
- Occasionally, a fibroid may shrink or degenerate later in pregnancy.
What Symptoms Can Fibroids Cause During Pregnancy?
Most fibroids do not cause symptoms, but some women may experience:
- Lower abdominal pain or cramps
- Pelvic pressure
- Spotting or bleeding
- Frequent urge to urinate
- Constipation
- Increased risk of preterm birth or miscarriage (rare)
Symptoms depend on the fibroid’s location (within the uterine wall, cavity, or on the outside) and its size.
Real-Life Examples
- A mom with a fibroid in the uterine wall: She feels mild pressure, but her pregnancy progresses normally.
- Another case: Rapid fibroid growth causes pain, so her doctor recommends closer monitoring.
- A mom with bleeding: Her doctor uses ultrasound to check the fibroid and the baby’s health.
What Are the Risks of Fibroids During Pregnancy?
While most fibroids do not cause serious issues, in some cases they can increase the risk of complications:
- Preterm birth: Larger or poorly positioned fibroids may raise the risk.
- Miscarriage: Rare, especially if the fibroid is inside the uterine cavity.
- Abnormal fetal position: Fibroids can affect the baby’s position.
- Placental abruption: Rare, but possible with large fibroids.
- Painful degeneration: Rapidly growing fibroids may outgrow their blood supply and cause pain.
These risks are uncommon, and most pregnancies with fibroids are uneventful.
Medical Care: How Are Fibroids Monitored During Pregnancy?
Fibroids are usually detected and monitored by ultrasound. Your OB-GYN will keep track of the fibroid’s size, location, and your baby’s development. If symptoms appear, further tests may be needed.
Treatment options during pregnancy are limited—most care focuses on relieving symptoms (pain management, rest). Surgery is only considered in very rare, life-threatening situations.
When Should You Contact Your Doctor About Fibroids?
Reach out to your OB-GYN right away if you experience:
- Sudden, severe lower abdominal pain
- Bright red bleeding
- Unusual pressure or rapid fibroid growth
- Fever, weakness, or dizziness
Regular checkups help catch any problems early.
What Can You Do If You’re Pregnant With Fibroids?
- Listen to your body: Keep track of any symptoms or changes.
- Don’t overexert yourself: Rest if you feel pain or pressure.
- Stay in touch with your doctor: Ultrasound exams help monitor fibroid status.
- Manage stress: Worrying doesn’t help—ask your doctor any questions you have.
Supportive Thoughts for Your Pregnancy 💚
Having fibroids during pregnancy can raise questions and worries, but most cases are not dangerous. By paying attention to your body, keeping up with checkups, and staying informed, you can help keep yourself and your baby safe.
For more tips, expert advice, and support, check out our free app. We’re here for you every step of the way, so you can feel confident and calm throughout your pregnancy.